Territory



(No Moden.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

J. M. & M. S. BROWNING.

MAGAZI NE PIRE ARM.

Patented July 20, 1886.

`m0880881.) zsneets-sneez'a J'. M. 8u M. S. BROWNING.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

No. 845,881. Patented July'zo, 1886.

IHIIHIIIIIIIIII .mnu

errances Arran trice..

JOHN M. BRONNNG AND MTTHEV S. BROWN ING, OF OGDEN CITY, UTAH TERRITORY.

MGAZIN Fl IRE-ARM.

'YECCATIQN forming part o LettersPatent No. 345,881, dated July 20, 1886.

' Applicant fneii incomm- Qs, reca srl-inl Nn. 156,252. No modem To @ZZ whom, it may concern: A Arepresents the receiver, tothei'orward end Be it known that wei, JOHN M. BROWNING of which the barrel B is attached, and which and MATTI-inw S. iBRowNING, VofOgden City, opens rearwardinto the receiver; C,the breechin the conntyof T-.Veloeiai1d Territory of Utah, piece, arranged in the receiver in line with have invented anew improvement in Magathe barrel, and so as to movebackward iin 5g zine FireArms, and we'do herebydcelare the opening and forward in closing in the axial i'ollo'fing,wl1en taken in connection with acline of the barrel; D, the hammer in rear of" companying drawings and the letters of refthe breech-piece, hung n pon a pivot, E, and erence marked thereon, to be a .(nll, clear, and provided with the usual mainspring,F,and trigio exact description of the same, and which said ger G. The breech-piece is provided with the 6o drawings constitute part ofthis speeiiication, usual firing-pin, H, (not shown in detaih) but and represent, inagainst which the hammer strikes to impart Figure a sectional side view of thearln, its blow to the head of the cartridge in the showing the parts inthe closed or normal connsnal manner.

dition; Fig. 2, the same, showing the parts in Beneath the barrel and parallel therewith 65 `the extreineopcn position, i3, a sectional the magazine vlis arranged, but so 'as'to leave side View of the reverse from Fig. l; Fig. 4, a -a space between the magazine and barrel. vertical central section cutting on line rv a' of Upon the magazine a handle, J, is arranged,

Figs. l and 2, showing the brecclrpiece in the adapted to be readily moved backward andzo locked position; Fig. 5, the saine, showing the forward by the forward hand in the use of the 70 breech-piece `as turned from the locked. posiarm. The magazine opens intothe receiver tionot' Fig. 4 Vto the unlocked position; Fie. below the breech-piece in the usual manner.

(i, a top View ofthe carrier, showing` the rear From the handle J a slide, K, extends rearend portion of the slide/l as it is about to enward between the magazine and barrel, and

25 gage the carrier; Fig. 7, an underside view through a slotLL, in the receiver, as seen in 75 of the slide, the breech-piece showing the di. Figs. 1 and 9, the slide being in a plane par'- agonal slot by which the slideis connected with allel with the axis of the barrel, and so as to the breech-piece; Fig. 7", a rear 'end view of more forward or back accordingly as the hanthe breech-piece, Fig. 8, a front end view of' dle J is moved, guided by the grooves in the 3o the carrier; Fig. il, a transverse section entside of the receiver, as seen in Fig. 9. This 8O ting' closeup to the rear end ofthe barrel and slide and handle are designed t0 operate'the looking forward; Fig. 10, a transverse section mechanism of the arm.

through the receiver and breech-piece when The breech-piece C is constructed with aI the breech piece isin the rear position, and shoulder, N, near its rear end, which rests cutting,r through the extractor and finger. against a fixed abutment, O, in the receiver 85 llhis invention relates to an improvement in when the breech-piece is in the closed position,

that class ol' breech-loading and magazine fire -as seen in Figs. 3 and 4.

arms in which the brecclrpiecc is arranged Thatthe breech-piece may escape from the to be moved baeluvard and forward in a lonshonlder so as to be moved rearward, it is 4o gitudinal line witli the barrel,comnionlyknown constructed with a longitudinal recess, l?, be- 9C as boltguns," the object of the invention below .the shoulder, ,and so that a partial rotaing the construction ol' an arm which will be tion of the breech-piece will take the shoulspecially adapted i'or the use of shot-shells, der above the abutment O, as seen in Fig. 5, and by which rapid firingl may be permitted, and bring the recess l into line with the abut- 45 and while specially relatinf.,r lo magazine irement, and so that the breech-piece may be Q5 armsfparts of the invention are applicable to 'movedn'earward into the open position, as single breeelrloznlcrs; and thc invention conseen in Fig. 2. To impart such rotation to sist-s in the construction and combination of the brecchpiece to disengag'e it from the abut- -parts, as hereinafter described and particularment (l the rear end of the slide K, which,

5o ly recited in the claims. when the breech-piece is closed, stands beroo .2 l A y sessel heath its i'orwar-d end, is constructed with a diagonal, slot, Q, (see Fig. 7,) into which a stud, R, on the breech-piece extends, the stud standing at the rear end oi the slot when the slide in its extreme forward position, and so that on the iirst part of the rear movement of the slide, as from the position in Fig. 7 to that shown in broken lines, same iignre, the inclined slot Qgvorhing against the stud it on io the breech-piece`,'will cause the stud Rte travel through the slot to its opposite end, and in so doing will impart to the breech-piece suiiicient rotatioirto take the shoulder M afoover `or away i'rointhe abutment 0, thus leaving the breech-piece free for rear inoremen t. After the breech-piece has thus heen tnrned and nnlocked the continued rear movement of the slide il under the action oi'thc handle J will force the breech-piece to its rear position, as 2 a seen in Fig. 2. Then on the return ofthe slide i?. the breeehpiece will. move forward with it to its closed position, and. having arrived at its closed position the inclined slot Q, during the last part of the forward movement of' the c 5 slide K, will return thebreech-piece to bring its shoulder N into engagement with the abutment O, and so as 'to hold `the breech-piece against recoil. 0n one side of the breechpiece is the usual spring extractor-hook, S,

3c (see Fig. 3,) and upon the `opposite side is aV ringer, T, adapted to bear against that sideof the cartridge, and so that the head of lthe cartridge may be grasped between the extractor and the iinger'f in the usual manner; but instead of making the iinger T rigid, as is generally done. I hang it loosely tothe brceehpiece,so that a slight lateral movcxnentofit may be permitted at certaintimes. The extractor and theiinger i3 enter the cartridge-chamber in 4o the usual mannerto grasp the [lange ci the car-l tridge,and that they may not interfere with the rotation of the breech-piece a corresponding recess is made in the roar end ci' the barrel, within which the extractor and finger may move to perinit such rotation of the breechpiece. These recesses are seen in Fig. d.A The outer surface ot the iinger-T corresponds to the outer surface oi' the breech-piece, and so that it is held in such 'position during the 5o movement of the breech-piece; but at the extreme open position of the breech-piece a recess, U, is .formed in the side of the reeeiver. (see Fig. 10,) corresponding to the finger 'i in that position, and so inat when the ringer arrives at the said recess it is free for lateral movement, and because oi such treedom the grasp oi' the extractor upon the cartridge or case is released and the cartridge is free to be removed or ejected. Iiclow the (o breech-piece the carrier a is hung upon a pivot,?1, at the rear, and so as to swing up and down, as from the position 'seen in Fig. l to that seen in Fig. 2. 'Vl/hen in its down posi.- tion, it is adapted to receive a cartridge from the magazine, as seen in Fig. l., and in its up position to present 'that cartridge in line with the barrel..l dt the rear end oi' the carrier is the carrier may work.

an npwardlyprojeeting arm, ci, which stands in the path oi' the slideiin its rear movement, and so that as the breech-piece ap# p roaches its extreme rear position the rear end` of the slide will strike the arm d, as indicated ,in broken lines,-Fig. l, and in completing the rear movement of the breeelrpicce, as seen in Fig. 2, the carrier will be raised to its up position.` v rhe slide K is constructed with an opening, e, (see Figs. 2 and 7,) through which One side,f, of the carrior is loose, or hung to the body of the car-V rier, so as to permit a lateral swinging move` S0 ment. The forward end ofthe two sides extend upward and form' inwardlyoverhanging duJ gers g, adapted to embrace the cartridge in the carrier. The sidef of the carrier is hung nponthe saine. pivot I) as the carrier fivot, g5 andis seenredat its front end by a sereA h, but, as beforestated, loosely hung, so as to .permit the sidcfvto swing inward, indicated in breken lines, Fig. S, orv stand in that posi-4 tion, as seen in that ignre. lt is in this out or gf free position that the sidefstnnds when the carrier is down, and so that the cartridge in the magazine may pass freely thereon. The sidefis constructed with an upwardlypro jecting arm, z', similar to the arm d on the body of the carrier. The rear end ofthe slide K is constructed with an inclined bearing-surface, Z, in line witlrthe arm 1) on the side f, and so that as the slide moves rearward, and just before it reaches the arm d of the carrier, IOC the incline Z will strike the arm i, as' seen in Fign 6, aud under the continued movement of the slide the sidef will be turned inward, as seen in broken lilies, Figs. i5 and'S, and so that the cartridge will be grasped between the |05 forward portions of the two sides, as seen in Fig. 8. Then as soon as the cartridge is grasped the slide strikes the arm d, as also seen in Fig. 6, and raises the carrier, with the eartridge so grasped between the two sides of the u@ carrier that the cartridge cannot be thrown from the carrier, even under the quickest possible upward movement.

In the use of the common cartridges, such as used for sporting purposes, it is desirable .[15 that they shall be presented in a position substantially in axial line with the barrel-that is, without the inclination which would naturally follow from the position of the cartridge 0n the carrier. To do this I providea device, 12g: Whlelifns the carrier rises, will rali?, t'll fem" end ot' the cartridge faster than the movement ,of the carrier. This device consists ofalever,l m, hung on the side ofthe carrier upon apivot, a, with aproiection, o, from its forward arm 1:5A onto' the bottom of'tliecarrier, as seen in Fig. l d.' Its rear arm is construct ed with a slot, r, which works upon a stud, s, fixed in the side of the receiver, and. so that when the carrier stands in its down position the inward pro- 13o jection,o,lics upon the bottom of the receiver, and so that the cartridge may readily pass from the magazine over the projection o, and against an abutment or stop, t, on the carrier,

lll

as seen in Fig. l; but as the carrier rises the stationary stud s holds the rear arm of the lever, thereby causing the forward arm to rise more rapidly than the carrier, and to suoli an extent that when in its up position, as seen iu Fig. 2, it will have raised the rear end of the cartridge into a position in substantially axial line with the barrel and forward of the open breeeli-picce, as seen in Fig. 2. A spring, a, is applied to the carrier, its rear end being fixed above the pivot, say as in the arm d, the' forward endV taking a bearing iu the lever in, at its hub and between its pivot and the fixed stud s. The tendency of this spring is to force the lever m to its down position; but because its rear end is fixed, the reaction of the spring is rearward against the arm d, and therefore tends to hold the carrier in its up position to the extent that the spring is compressed by the turning of the lever m independent ofthe carriei, and as indicated in Figs. l. and 2.

As the carrier returns to its down position the lever m is also returned because of its engagement with the fixed stud inthe receiver. In thebottom of ther receiver is an opening, in, (see Fig. 2,) which is filled by the bottom ot' the carrier, as seen in Fig. l, so that when the arm is in its closed position the bottoni of the receiver is closed; but when the carrier is raised the bottom of the receiver is open to the rear end of the magazine, and so that the magazineanay he charged through that opening w.

To provide a latch which will hold the column of cartridges iu the magazine during the move- ,ment of the carrier, and also serve as a latch f to engage each'eartridge as it isintroduced into the magazine, I hang a lever, 2, in a slot in the bottom of the carrier upon a pivot, 3, its forward arm extending toward the magazine, and its rear arm hung to the forward arm of .fthe lever m, and so that while in the down poegg - the carrier.

sition the lever 2 will stand entirely within As the carrier rises, the lever m willraise the rea; arm of the lever2 and turn its forward end downward in rear of the inagaziue, and s0 as to stand in rear of the column of cartridges and form astop, as indicated in Fig; 2. The Spring of the carrier permits the lever 2 to serve as a latch on the introduction of the cartridges, so that the head striking the lever 2 will turn its nose inward until the cartridge passes beyond it, then nu'der the action of the carrierspring will be returned iutoits position in rear of the last-entered cartridge. To charge the magazine, the parts are thrown to their open position, as seen in Fig. 2, and the cartridges introduced through the openin beneath the carrier.

To prevent the hammer from coming upon vthe iringpiu until the breechpiece is in its closed position, I construct the rear end of the lLneech-piece with a diametrical groove or recess 4, (see Fig. 73) and iuto which the nose 5 of the hammer may strike. The rearend' of the firing-pin stands i-n this recess, as seen in and so that the hammer must enter the recess in order to strike the firing-pin. NVhen the breech-piece is in its closed position, the recess stands in the plane of the hammer5hut as the breech-pier@y is rotated, the recess is brought to a diagonal position, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 7, and so that the ham` mer cannot enter the recess; hence there is no liability of Contact between the hammer and firing-piu, excepting when the breech-piece is in its ext-renie closed position, so as to bring the recess liuto the plane ot' the nose of the hammer.

lhe hammer should be provided with a rebounding attachment, so that after it has struck its blow it may return so far as to lake its nose ontol' the recess 4, and so as to per mitthe opening movement ofthe breech piece. Such a rebounding device is not shown, as it is a common and well-known mechanism, and not essential to this ii'iveution.

A carrier having one side loose, so as to he turned inward or outward to open or close the carrier upon the cartridge, is shownin another application. re therefore do not claim, broadly, in this application such a construclion ol' carrier. The carrier is thrown down the brcechpicce advances by the forward end of the brilech-piere coming in contact with au incline on the carrierl in substantially a well-lrnowii manner.

ihe arrangement of the lever m in the cari-ier to raise the rear end ofthe cartridge may be applied to other magaziueerms having a carrier which swings upward and downward from a pivot at the rear and in connection therewith. y

The stop or latch lever 2 may heemploycd where the charging of the magazine is made from below the carrier and when the carrier is in the raised position. Ve therefore do not wish to he understood as limiting these parts of our invention to any particular devices for` raising and lowering the breech-piece.

The arrangement of the slide between the IOO IKO

magazineaud barrel, and so as to work through' f a slot in the receivet1 between the magazine and barrel, in engagement with the operative parts of the arm, may be employed inconnec tion with various mechanisms in this class ot fire-arms.

lt. will he understood that we do not claim, broadly, an arm in which a slide extends from the handle forward of the receiver backward to engage thek mechanism of the arm, as such, we are aware,is notonr invention; but we are .not aware that a slide has been arranged between t-hc barrel and magazine-that is,below the barrel and above the niagazine-its fon ward end connected to the handle and extending rearward through aslot in the receiver between the magazine and barrel, the essential feature -in our invention. Neit-herdo we elaiiii,bi.oadly,a niagazinearin having the carrier actuated by a slide or' extension from a lhandle forward of the receiver.

XVe claiinl. In a maga-zine firearm-in which the magazine is arranged beneath the barrel and the operative mechanism in the receiver in rear of the barrel, the combination therewith of a handle su rroundi ng the magazi ne, and movable backward and forward, and the slide between `.the magazine and barrel attached to said 11andle and extendmg through an opening in the' receiver between thc magazine and barrel, the said slide in `connection with the operative mechanism ot' the arm, substantially as described, and whereby the forward and back sliding movement of the handle and slide impart-s corresponding movement to the operative parts in the receiver.

' 2. In ahrc-arm, the' combination of a receiver-,1a barrel `attached to and -opening into said receiver, abreech-piece arranged in said receiver towork backward and forward' in a longitudinal line with the barrel, the said breech-piece also adapted for partial rotative movement, and Aconstructed with a shoulder, N, near its rear end, and with a longitudinal recess, P, a stationary abutment, O, in the receiver, a slide'arranged beneath the barrel.

the barrel and magazine and adapted to'work through a slot formed in the receiver between the barrel and magazine', said slide provided with a handle, whereby forward and back reciprocating movement may be imparted to said slide, the breech-piece arranged to move backward and forward in axial line with the barrel, and also adapted for partial rotation,

the said slide constructed with a diagonal slot, Q, andthe breech-piece provided with a corresponding stud, R, arranged to work in said slot, a shoulder, N, on the breech-piece, cor responding fixed abutment in the receiver, against which said shoulder is brought or from which it is removed by the rotation of the breech-piece, and a carrier arranged beneath the breech-piece and adapted to move up and down to transfera cartridge from the magazineto the barrel, the said slide constructed withan opening through which said carrier will work when the breech-piece is in the'open position,

substantially as described.

4. vIn a magazine fire-arm in which the mag- ,azine is arranged beneath the barrel, the combination therewith of a breech-piece arranged in the receiver to be moved back and forward .in axial line with the barrel,and aslide, K, be-

tween the barrel and magazine, and adapted to work through a slot formedin the forward end ofthe receiver backward and forward between the breech-piece and carrier, said slide provided with a handle surrounding the magtransfer the cartridge from the magazine to a position forward of the front face ofthe breech piece with a carrier hung in the rear beneath the breech-piece, provided with an arm, d, extending upward from its pivot, the sai'darm standing in the path of the rear end of said slide, and with which said slide will engage as the breech-piece approaches its extremev open movement, substantially as described.

5. In a magazine iirc-arm in which the magazine :is arranged beneath the barrel, the combination` therewith of a breech-piece arranged in the receiver to be moved backward and forward inthe axial line of the barrel, a slide between the magazine and barrel and arranged to work through a slot in the receiver between the magazine and barrel, and

the slide provided with a handle, the said slide connected to the breeclrpiece, whereby the forward and back movement of the slide will be imparted to tl1e,brcecl1pieee,and a car- -rier hung at the rear, beneath the breech-piece,

and so as to swing upward and downward, the said. carrier having one of its sides f hung loosely to the body of the carrier, and theforward ends of the two sides constructed with overhanging fingers g, the body of the carrier constructed with an arm, d, extendingup from its rear end into the path ot' the slide K, the loose side f, also constructed with a similar arm, z', in the path of the said slide K,`butfor ward of the arm d, the' said slide constructed with au incline, Z, adaptedto engage the said arm z' of the loose side ofthe carrier before the rear end of the slide shall engage the arm d of the carrier, substantially as and for the purpose described. v l

6.- In 'a magazine fire arm in which the magazine is arranged beneath the barrel, the combination therewith of a breech-piece ari ranged to be moved backward and forward in the axial line of the barrel, a carrier hung at the rear beneath the barrel and arranged `for up-and-down movement for the transfer ofthe cartridge, the lever m, lullig to said' earrier,'

one arm extending rearward, a-nd a fixed stud,s, inthe receiver, adapted to engage said rear arm in thenp=and-down movementot the'calrier, the forward arm of the said lever fm, cxtending onto the bottom of the receiver, with mechanism, substantially such as described, to impart reciprocating movement to .the breech-piece and the up.anddown movement to the carrier, substantially as described.

7; In a magazine firearm in which the magazine is arranged beneath the barrel, the combination therewith ot' a breech-piecc arranged to be moved backward and forward in the axial line of the barrel, a carrier hung at the rear beneath the breech -ipiece and ar- IOO ranged for up-anddown movement for the transfer of the cartridge, the lever m, hung to 'ver betweeniis pivotand the fixed stud in the receiver, Snbstantiallg,P as and for the purpose bed.

' b. in a magazine Iirc-arm in whichv the magazine is arranged beneath the barrel, the

combination therewith of a breecirpiece arranged to be moved backward and forward in the axial line of the barrel, a carrier hung at the rear beneath the barrel and arranged for npand-down movement for the transfer of the cartridge, the lever fm, hung to said carrier, one arm extending rearward, and a fixed stud, s, in the receiver, adapted to engage said rear arm in the lip-and-down movement of the carrier, the forward arm of the said lever m cX- tending onto the bottom of the receiver, with mechanism, snbstantiall y Sach as described, to impart reciprocating movement to the breechpiece and the up-and-down movement to the carricr,and the lever 2,hnng in the carrier forward of said lever m, the rear arm of Said lcver 2 in slotted connection with the forward arm of Said lever fm, the forward arm of said lever 2 extending toward the magazine, substantially described.

9. In a firearm in which the breech-piece is arranged to move backward and forward in longitudinal line with the barrel, and in which a partial rotation is imparted to the breechpiece both prior to and afterits opcningmove ment, the combination therewithot' an ex.-

tractor-hoolc, S, on one side of thebreechpiece, and a finger, T, .hung loosely on the opposite side of the breech-piece, the said finger adapted to work against the surface of the receiver in the backward and forward movement of the breech-piecefthe receiver constrnctcdwith a recess, U, at the extreme rear movement of the breech-piece, into which the d said finger-ll may move laterally, substantially as and for the purpose described.

JOHN M. BROWNING.

y MALTHEW S. BROWNING.

witnesses;

D. W. FnLsnAw, W. L. THoMrsoN. 

